We offer Conversation Analysis services using Jefferson Transcription notations. The following table has a list of symbols with their purpose of use in Jefferson Transcription.
Symbol | Name | Used to indicate |
: | Colon (s) | Extended or stretched sound, syllable, or word. |
_____ | Underline | Vocalic emphasis. |
(.) | Micropause | Brief pause of less than (0.2). |
(1.2) | Timed Pause | Intervals occuring within and between same or different speaker’s utterance. |
(( )) | Double Parentheses | Scenic details. |
( ) | Single Parentheses | Transcriptionist doubt |
. | Period | Falling vocal pitch. |
? | Question Marks | Rising vocal pitch. |
↑↓ | Arrows | Pitch resets; marked rising and falling shifts in intonation. |
° ° | Degree Signs | A passage of talk noticeably softer than surrounding talk. |
= | Equal Signs | Latching of contiguous utterances, with no interval or overlap. |
[ ] | Brackets | Speech overlap. |
[[ | Double Brackets | Simultaneous speech orientations to prior turn. |
! | Exclamation Points | Animated speech tone. |
– | Hyphens | Halting, abrupt cut off of sound or word. |
> < | Less Than/Greater Than Signs | Portions of an utterance delivered at a pace noticeably quicker than surrounding talk. |
OKAY | CAPS | Extended or stretched sound, syllable, or word. |
hhh.hhh | H’s | Audible outbreaths, possibly laughter. The more h ’s, the longer the aspiration. Aspirations with periods indicate audible inbreaths (e.g., .hhh). H ’s within (e.g., ye(hh)s) parentheses mark within-speech aspirations, possible laughter. |
pt | Lip Smack | Often preceding an inbreath. |
hahheh
hoh |
Laugh Syllable | Relative closed or open position of laughter. |
$ | Smile Voice | Laughing/chuckling talk between markers. |